[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/prekvapivy-puvod-a-vyvoj-velryb\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/prekvapivy-puvod-a-vyvoj-velryb\/","headline":"P\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd p\u016fvod a v\u00fdvoj velryb","name":"P\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd p\u016fvod a v\u00fdvoj velryb","description":"Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne velryba, naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s si p\u0159edstav\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad keporkak […]","datePublished":"2022-02-17","dateModified":"2023-06-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"kennels.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/velryba1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/velryba1.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/prekvapivy-puvod-a-vyvoj-velryb\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":463,"articleBody":"Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne velryba, naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s si p\u0159edstav\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad keporkak \u010di dokonce plejtv\u00e1k obrovsk\u00fd. A je pravdou, \u017ee jsou v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi tvory na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b. Jak ale dos\u00e1hly takov\u00e9 velikosti? Na prvn\u00ed pohled se to m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, av\u0161ak kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me bl\u00ed\u017ee, zjist\u00edme, \u017ee k\u00a0tomu vedla sice dlouh\u00e1, av\u0161ak nikoliv slo\u017eit\u00e1 cesta.\u00a0Ta za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika des\u00edtkami milion\u016f let, po p\u00e1du dinosaur\u016f. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b do\u0161lo k\u00a0explozivn\u00edmu v\u00fdvoji savc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed rychle zab\u00edrali upr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e9 niky. A mezi n\u011b pat\u0159il i tvor \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00fd se pon\u011bkud podobal jak vzhledem, tak velikost\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edmu psu.\u00a0Ten za\u010dal tr\u00e1vit st\u00e1le v\u00edce \u010dasu ve vod\u011b, kde lovil nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichy. A jeho t\u011blo se p\u0159izp\u016fsobovalo nov\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Z\u00a0nohou se postupn\u011b staly ploutve, d\u00fdchac\u00ed otvor se posunul na vrchol hlavy, zmizela srst. T\u011blo se stalo \u0161t\u00edhlej\u0161\u00edm a z\u00edskalo v\u00edce aerodynamick\u00fd tvar.\u00a0\u00a0Toto byl p\u016fvodn\u00ed p\u0159edek v\u0161ech mo\u0159sk\u00fdch savc\u016f, od velryb p\u0159es kosatky a\u017e po delf\u00edny. Po sv\u00fdch suchozemsk\u00fdch p\u0159edc\u00edch si uchovali nutnost d\u00fdchat vzduch, nebo\u0165 schopnost filtrovat kysl\u00edk z\u00a0vody, kterou m\u00e1 naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina vodn\u00edch tvor\u016f, se u nich nevyvinula. Z\u00edskali v\u0161ak schopnost zadr\u017eet dech na velmi dlouhou dobu.\u00a0Postupem \u010dasu se v\u0161ak i tento tvor diversifikoval, podobn\u011b jako jeho suchozem\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed. A stejn\u011b jako z\u00a0p\u0159edk\u016f prim\u00e1t\u016f vznikly nap\u0159\u00edklad gorily, \u0161impanzi \u010di lid\u00e9, tedy tvorov\u00e9 s\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b rozd\u00edlnou stavbou t\u011bla, do\u0161lo k\u00a0podobn\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji i zde.\u00a0\u00a0\u010c\u00e1st z\u00a0nich vsadila na rychlost a obratnost, kter\u00e1 jim umo\u017enila l\u00e9pe lovit ko\u0159ist a z\u00e1rove\u0148 unikat p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm pred\u00e1tor\u016fm. Z\u00a0nich se stali dne\u0161n\u00ed delf\u00edni. Dal\u0161\u00ed zase postupn\u011b zvy\u0161ovali sv\u00e9 t\u011blesn\u00e9 rozm\u011bry do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee prakticky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 pred\u00e1tory nemaj\u00ed. A aby tak velk\u00e9 t\u011blo udr\u017eeli v\u00a0chodu, zvolili potravu, kter\u00e9 je v\u00a0mo\u0159i nejv\u00edc a kter\u00e1 jde z\u00edskat velmi snadno \u2013 kryl.\u00a0Je samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee tato cesta nebyla jednoduch\u00e1 a bylo na n\u00ed i mnoho slep\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed. Svou roli p\u0159i n\u00ed hr\u00e1ly i doby ledov\u00e9 a meziledov\u00e9, kdy se teplota oce\u00e1n\u016f sn\u00ed\u017eila \u010di zv\u00fd\u0161ila. Je tedy z\u00e1zrak, \u017ee je dnes m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat, a rozhodn\u011b si zaslou\u017e\u00ed, abychom je chr\u00e1nili.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.6\/5 - (9 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"P\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd p\u016fvod a v\u00fdvoj velryb","item":"https:\/\/www.kennels.cz\/prekvapivy-puvod-a-vyvoj-velryb\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]